International emission standards, including guidelines and regulations, are designed to limit the release of pollutants into the atmosphere from various sources, including vehicles, industry, and power plants.
These standards are developed and implemented by international organizations such as the United Nations (UN) and the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as regional bodies such as the European Union (EU).
The effectiveness of these standards varies widely. In the European Union, standards such as the Euro Emission Standards have significantly reduced air pollution from vehicles. Similarly, in the United States, the Clean Air Act has resulted in substantial improvements in air quality.
However, in developing countries, the effectiveness of international emission standards is often hampered by limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and lax enforcement.
This was expressed by Rama Nugraha and Genta Ginanjar, Founders, Co-Founders, and Owners of PT Hasgara Cipta Gusana (Hasgara). This company is the first German Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) brand holder in Indonesia, namely AdBlue®. This product makes the exhaust gas from diesel engine vehicles more environmentally friendly.
Challenges of International Emission Standards
According to Rama, the challenges in implementing and enforcing international emission standards include:
First, Economic Disparity. Developing countries often struggle with the financial and technical resources needed to comply with and enforce strict emission standards.
Second, Regulatory Differences. Different standards and regulations in each country can create confusion and compliance challenges for multinational companies. This lack of uniformity makes it difficult to enforce laws globally.
Third, Political and Industrial Resistance. Industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels or outdated technology often resist stricter regulations because of their potential economic impacts. Political pressure and lobbying can delay or undermine the implementation of strict standards.
Fourth, Monitoring and Enforcement. Many countries do not have the infrastructure needed to accurately monitor emissions and enforce penalties for non-compliance. The Role That Technological Advances Can Play in Achieving Cleaner Air.
Fifth, Clean Energy Technology. Innovations in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower can significantly reduce emissions from power plants.
Sixth, Transportation. The development of electric vehicles (EVs) and improvements to public transportation systems can reduce emissions from the transportation sector. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) are examples of diesel engine technologies to reduce emissions.
Seventh, Industrial Processes. Technologies that improve the efficiency of industrial processes and reduce emissions, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) and advanced filtration systems, are essential. Automation and digitalization can also optimize production processes to minimize waste and emissions.
Eighth, Data Monitoring and Analysis: Advanced sensors and data analysis tools enable real-time monitoring of air quality and emissions. This technology enables faster identification of pollution sources and more effective enforcement of regulations.
Global Emission Standards for the Future
“Developing a unified global emission standard can help create a level playing field and simplify compliance for multinational entities,” said Rama.
Building on existing agreements and regulations by setting more ambitious targets and ensuring stronger commitments from all countries can accelerate global efforts to reduce emissions.
Countries can benefit from sharing successful strategies and technologies. International forums and collaborations can facilitate this exchange of knowledge and experience. With joint efforts and collaboration, cleaner air, and a healthier planet are achievable goals.
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